In the early phase of disease, symptoms occur only on one half of the body and then extending the other half. Among, the typical Parkinson's disease symptoms include:

-Tremor of hands, arms, legs, chin and face, the trembling occurs when the affected limb is at rest, may affect one or more states and is less visible during sleep and exercise;

-Muscle-stiffness and micro-graphic (handwriting is small and cramped, illegible);

-Slowness and difficulty moving - also called akinezie bradkinezie or, as the disease progresses, muscle coordination is becoming more difficult;

-Postural instability - disorders of balance and coordination because it alters or disappear reflexes that adjust the position of various segments of the body to balance, these disorders occur usually in advanced stages of disease and are extremely dangerous, making it necessary to support and moving patients using crutches or support staff.

There are, however, and Parkinson's disease symptoms not related to movement:

-Sleep disturbances (insomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness);

-Depression - due to chemical changes occurring in the brain;

-Difficulty speaking: reducing the volume of voice, difficulty in articulating words, hoarseness, variations of tone - events caused by small muscle rigidity, and impaired movement control disappearance breath control;

-Sensation of "lump in the throat" and difficulty swallowing;

-Blocking engine - difficulty in initiating and executing simple movements such as stepping over the threshold, in which case it will move gently or it will show foot barrier with a flashlight or a laser device;
-Bent position, with head bent and shoulders down. Several of these symptoms are relieved by medication.


Treatment

Because the symptoms of Parkinson's disease is due to a deficiency of dopamine in the brain, most drugs were called "dopaminergic" and are produced to replace the dopamine deficiency, copy or "mimic" the action, or to stop metabolism.

From all the possible treatment  schemes for this disease, there is an essential component of levodopa (L-dopa), which, after reaching the brain, is converted into dopamine. In the body, levodopa is metabolized by enzymes, a process that reduce the amount of drug that reaches where necessary, namely the brain. Therefore, an inhibition of these enzymes and thus inhibits the metabolism of levodopa is available to a greater extent in the brain, improving symptom control default.


Long term treatment

Levodopa treatment is very effective, especially if it’s given in the first stage of disease. Initially, symptoms are constant and sustained control throughout the day. After several years, fluctuations occur on some patients whose own medication controls symptoms - usually are motor fluctuations, but also involuntary grimacing, abnormal movements similar to those of dance (dyskinesia) or sustained involuntary muscle contractions that abnormal position or positions cause various body parts (dystonia).  In addition, disease symptoms reappear or worsen considerably before the time fixed for taking a new dose of medication.