Fertilizers and crop care: cultivation requires little care with satisfactory results.

Pumpkin is a vegetable very demanding in terms of fertilization. Embed q/100 5 square meters of mature manure or compost to a depth of 35-40 cm during the preparation of the ground.

Among the treatments include: summer irrigation, weeding to aerate the soil and keep it free of weeds, trimming of the primary branch on the second or fourth leaf to facilitate the development of axillary buds. The thinning is practiced in every little hole, leaving the individual more robust.

It runs when the third leaf plants have well-formed. You can also carry out the thinning, maintaining no more than 2 or 3 per plant in order to stimulate their enlargement. Pumpkins must be defended by the summer drought with proper irrigation. Weeding and hoeing will keep the soil soft and clean. Water needs are normal during germination, high thereafter.

- Thinning: plants with 2-3 leaves, leaving the plant per hole

- In the nursery: not recommended, however, be carried out in pots in the manner described above

- Sprouts: 4-12 days, optimum temperature 30 0C; minimum temperature 150C

The production should be administered potassium nitrate on two occasions after 10 days.


Turnover: not advised the repetition of growing on the same land before completing at least 3 years. Plant renewal, should not follow tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, bean, pea, watermelon, melon, zucchini, cucumber.

Fertilizer: may be associated with potato, tomato, and bean.

Collection: the collection and scaling. Occurs from late summer to November, when the leaves are dry and ripe fruit.

The squash should be harvested when they are young because, left on the plant, inhibiting the production of new flowers and limit production.

Winter squash are harvested in autumn, and allow the sun to complete their maturation and keep fresh, arranged on wooden planks. Plants of winter squash can make three to four major fruits each.

Adversity: The pumpkin plant is fairly resistant to diseases among the diseases, the most common is pain mildew that attacks these vegetables even in the early stages of life caused by Sphaeroteheca castanea occurs with a whitish bloom on the leaves followed by yellowing and death of plants. He fights with sulfur sprays. Although aphids sometimes attack the pumpkins and you can fight with both products with specific biological control. Aphids are dangerous because they can infect the plants with virus diseases.

Some bacteria, parasites such as those of the squashes and Fusarum Pseudoperonospora, may remain in the soil and contaminate other crops for which the following is needed in these cases, sterilization of the land, respecting the environment, may also be made with sunburn, having eradicated the disease by removing infected plants everywhere.

There are some threats when it comes to pumpkins, and these are disease. Not all of you may know this, but the cucumber beetle is a carrier of diseases. The pumpkin nutrient disease symptoms are just like when a flower starts to die. The pumpkin nutrient disease symptoms will lead to the death of the plant.

The fifth disease (or megaloeritema infection) is caused by a pox virus Parvovirus B19.

How much the contagious disease?

Through direct contact with mucus or saliva of infected patients or with respiratory droplets emitted by coughing, sneezing or simply talking. The virus enters through the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. The peak incidence occurs in the spring. Particularly affects children of school age.

How long after the infection occurs the fifth disease?

Usually after a period of time between 4 and 14 days but sometimes up to three weeks.

How can you recognize the fifth disease?

Usually do not appear warning signs and fever is absent or mild. After a few days shows the typical skin rash (rash in medical term) that first affects the face, especially cheeks: these are very red, hot to the touch, as if the child had been slapped, while the skin is pale on the chin, forehead and around the mouth.

Subsequently appear maculopapular, ie spots detected slightly to the touch, red, affecting the trunk, buttocks and upper and lower limbs. The rash, which often causes itching, fades with time, becoming paler at the center and taking a characteristic appearance in lace. There is no flaking. The fifth disease lasts 11 days, with a minimum of 2 days and a maximum of 4-5 weeks. In the weeks or sometimes months after the rash may reappear during hot baths, emotional stress, sun exposure or vigorous exercise.

What are the complications of fifth disease?

Usually none. In adolescents and adults can cause painful joints or arthritis true. In children with chronic anemia amolitica (eg, sickle cell anemia, spherocytosis, etc..) Can cause aplastic crisis, that infect red blood cells in bone marrow precursors and worsen anemia.

How long the child is contagious?

From the week before the onset of the fifth disease symptoms until the onset of skin manifestations. Consequently, the fifth disease symptoms have coetaneous manifestations. After they appear the child is no longer contagious.

How is fifth disease?

It is usually self-limited disease and treatment is only supportive. If itching is administered antihistamines.

How do I prevent fifth disease?

There is no vaccine and, in all cases, preventive measures are not necessary because it is a mild disease.

How long should you stay away from school with fifth disease?

You do not need removal because children are no longer infectious after the onset of skin manifestations.

Did you know...?

The fifth disease is dangerous only in patients with rare forms of chronic hemolytic anemia (thalassemia, favism) which can result in severe suppression of red blood cell production in bone marrow (bone marrow aplasia). The action of Parvovirus B 19 on red cell progenitor cells can also cause hemolytic anemia in immunocompromised patients a chronic persistent infection.

I have been asked to write an article on the symptoms of vascular disease. The symptoms of vascular disease can be seen in Raynaud's disease. Raynaud's disease is a disease common in young women and women just entering the menopause, which also gives rise to Raynaud's phenomenon.

"Raynaud's phenomenon"

It is observable in the fingers and feet (lower extremities is more nuanced and late in patients over 16 years) and also in the nose and ears for a response to excessive cold of the system that regulates the vasoconstriction of small vessels of the fingers. Patients who suffer from hypersensibility contact with anything that is cold their fingers become the first white (ischemia), with a sense of numbness or pain, and blue (for cyanosis), and red (for erythema). The first stage ceases only with the suspension of the cold stimulus, the other two can be much nuanced. The phase of cyanosis that lasts more erythematous. After the three phases is the return to normal.


The "Raynaud's phenomenon is always bilateral and localized to the fingers (typically an entire segment of the distal finger or a finger full). Appears in contact with the cold and the heat subsides. The absence of one of these criteria raises doubts about the diagnosis of Raynaud's. With particular attention to the topography, they must be excluded from Raynaud's phenomenon skin manifestations that are located at one side of the finger, those that go beyond the root of the fingers engaging the palm or back of hand and events in patches more or less regular. In cases of patients with significant hypersensitivity to cold, even a simple breath of cold air can trigger the "Raynaud's phenomenon" is a fact that the stimulus triggers need not be borne by the fingers, and all the receptors of the body may provoke.

So patients should cover well and fully during the cold period.

The first phase, ischemic, is the expression of 'stopping the blood circulation system of micro vessels due to local vasoactive substances (thromboxane, bradykinin, prostacyclin, Serotina) with involvement also of outflow tract, represented by the venules. The second phase, cyanotic is the beginning of the return of blood flow in the system micro vessels. Because of previous ischemia, the micro vessels are dilated. The expansion is due to the decrease in tone miocellularee vasodilating action of CO2, accumulated and not removed during ischemia.

The third phase, erythematous, depends on the further change of the relationship between blood flow and micro vessel capacity for which the mass of arterial and venous precedence over occurs when the flow is particularly abundant and the system is still hugely dilated micro vessels. This clinical form may appear and remain present for years or decades and then suddenly disappear and usually improves until he recovers from pregnancy.

People suffering from "Raynaud's phenomenon is often" uneasy "elements women can have menstrual disorders. There is a land "predisposing" to Raynaud's phenomenon, consisting of a number of factors often difficult to quantify.

The Parvo viruses are among the smallest (20-25 nm diameter) and simple animals, spherical, icosahedral symmetry and a single strand of DNA. They are also among the virus more resistant to chemical and physical being without coat glycolipids. Belong to the family Parvoviridae, which includes the subfamily Parvovirinae, three distinct kinds Erythrovirus, Parvovirus and Dependovirus, and the subfamily Densovirinae, also in three distinct genres (Densivirus, Iteravirus, Centravirus).

The only parvovirus pathogenic for humans is B19, which is also the only member of the genus Erythrovirus recently created previously placed in the genus Parvovirus. The latter kind, however, contains some important animal parvovirus, which cause fatal myocarditis and enteritis in dogs, ataxia and cerebellar hypoplasia in kittens, and infertility in pigs. The discovery of parvovirus B19 in 1975, when Cossart et al. communicated positivity obtained by immunoelectrophoresis (but not RIA or HA), 11 sera (one of which was indicated by the sign B19) donors, tested for hepatitis B antigen subsequent investigations of genetic, biochemical and molecular led to the identification of a new parvovirus, called parvovirus B19 to distinguish it from many animals.


The B19, which is the smallest DNA viruses pathogenic to humans, contains a capsid formed by two structural proteins with immunogenic activity, called VP1 (4% of the capsid) and VP2 (96%), and several non-structural proteins, of which the most important is the NS1, which are crucial for replication and pathogenicity of the virus. The B19 does not grow in conventional cell cultures, but only in cells in active multiplication. In particular, was propagated in bone marrow progenitor cells, fetal liver cells, red blood cells of patients with leukemia erythroid cells and umbilical cord cells with the addition of erythropoietin.


Experimental infection

The kinetics of infection was illustrated by two studies in volunteers infected. Viraemia, which reaches 10 genomic copies / ml appears after 6-11 days and is associated with Human Parvo disease causes and symptoms such as headache, myalgia, chills and fever, related to the production of cytokines.

On the tenth day there is an almost total loss of erythroid precursors, due to the blocking of DNA synthesis and the subsequent arrest of erythrocyte maturation process, with the appearance of pronormoblasti giants. At the peak of viremia is a drop in the number of reticulocytes, which will show a drop in hemoglobin levels even in normal subjects. The fetus is particularly vulnerable because of the short RBC survival, rapid expansion of red cell volume and immaturity of the immune response.

Can be observed even mild forms of neutropenia, lymphopenia and piastrinopenia.Nella second stage of infection, detectable after 15-17 days after infection and characterized by the eruption of rash, the immune reaction occurs with production of IgM and, after a week specific IgG, followed by the disappearance of virus from blood. With the onset of megaloeritema is related to antibody production, its absence is still interpreted as energy to the B19. The rate of seroconversion during pregnancy is 1 .5%: these are associated with maternal-fetal transmission in 33% of cases.

Approximately 25-30% of subjects at risk of infection during epidemics develop antibodies without showing Human Parvo disease causes and symptoms.

One of the main tasks of the kidney is from the blood to filter out waste products of metabolism and excretion in the urine. If an illness or injury to the kidneys, their function is impaired. Consequently accumulate in the blood of waste products and cause disease symptoms. (At the onset of clinical symptoms are usually already damaged the vast majority of renal cell!)

A sick kidney loses the ability to concentrate the urine. The need of more and more water is often one of the first renal disease symptoms. In most cases, the skin shows very rough and has a strong greasy.

The second one of renal disease symptoms is increasingly frequent vomiting, without reducing hairballs are regurgitated, and in advanced stages, you can literally smell the urine leaking from every pore. Finally, a massive weight loss recorded and the animals are in the course downright apathetic or other behavioral problems have (e.g., aggressiveness, restlessness, anxiety, etc.).


Possible causes and risk factors:


-Age restrictions on renal function


-Heredity, certain breeds can occur at a young age kidney problems


-Bacterial or viral infection (e.g., leukemia or FIP)


The renal failure occurs mainly (but not only!) in older cats. Since indoor cats usually reach a higher age group, they are more at risk. The right treatment can make a variety of symptoms under control while improving the quality of life of the cat!


The animal must undergo a thorough examination (blood - especially creatinine and urea, but also phosphorus, sodium, potassium - an indication of the state of things). The veterinarian will prescribe the animal a special kidney diet, which delays the progress of the disease. This diet has a reduced content of protein (protein) to let the kidneys to excrete less degradation and thus the disease symptoms are reduced.


Furthermore, it is here especially on high-quality protein, which can reduce the cat well being (e.g., no soy protein!). A low salt, low-phosphorus diet (also included in the diet prevents kidney) against further damage to the kidney. Absolutely essential: Provide plenty of fresh water!


The kidneys have four primary functions:


-Filter the waste products of the body (mainly urea and creatinine).


-Stabilize the electrolytes (potassium, calcium, phosphorus and sodium).


-The production of erythropoietin, which stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells.


-The production of renin (an enzyme that regulates blood pressure)

-Distinction between chronic and acute kidney failure

Kidney failure can be either chronic or acute nature. Chronic renal failure is a progressive, irreversible deterioration of kidney function. Because cats hide their illnesses generally very good and the early signs of chronic renal failure are subtle, this disease can only be detected when the patient is 70%-level of deterioration has reached and drastic symptoms are noticeable. The seemingly sudden appearance of the disease then acts as an acute condition, but is often more a crisis point of the chronic renal insufficiency. By comparison, an acute renal failure (ARF) by a sudden shutdown of kidney function characterized, often accompanied by oliguria (decreased urine production).

The primary causes of ARF in cats are: obstacles to the urine output, infectious diseases, trauma, and ingestion of toxic substances such as Ethylene glycol, which is contained in antifreeze. ARF is a very serious disease that can quickly be fatal! Therefore, an immediate veterinary treatment is imperative! Although the prognosis is usually poor, the normal renal function may be restored if the damage has not progressed too far and is a good and early medical treatment.

We saw that the heartworm disease symptoms are not always obvious and is therefore necessary to rely on specific tests to confirm a suspected diagnosis. Found that our pet is ill with heartworm disease is then necessary to evaluate the severity and stage of disease in order to decide what is the best treatment to be undertaken.

In dogs, the suspected diagnosis can arise as a result of a careful clinical examination and an evaluation of dog living in endemic areas and even sleep outside, hard work effort and fatigue after a period of at least six months from first contact dog with the mosquitoes in her life. The suspicion was later confirmed as an invasion of microfilaria in the blood of the animal. In fact the microfilaria is usually very marked.

See the microfilaria from the absolute certainty that the animal is sick; there is no possibility of error. But if you do not find microfilaria in the blood, this does not guarantee however that the animal is healthy because there are several reasons why an animal with heartworm disease symptoms may not be positive in these tests: blood that maybe I had not taken this even an L1, but just bad luck or maybe because the microfilaria are few, or because there are only adult parasites of the same sex so they cannot reproduce it, or because there is only one adult parasite.

In all these cases the animal is still sick, but we cannot diagnose relying only on the research of microfilaria. There are three techniques used for parasitological research of L1:

Consideration "thick drop" it takes a drop of peripheral blood (from ear or nose) to the dog, is diluted with a drop of water and observed under a microscope.

It’s a question actually very little use because the possibility that in so little blood we manage to find microfilaria is very low. Sometimes it can be for indicate infestations impressive, equally massive microfilaria, but situations are quite rare in our dogs.

Modified Knott technique: take 1 ml of blood plus anticoagulant and formalin, you spin it all, you add the dye and observed under a microscope the sediment that has been created.

Filtration technique: you take an ml of blood plus anticoagulant and distilled water, to filter the resulting solution, turn the membrane filter and then observed microscopically for the microfilaria.

The latter two techniques are called "enrichment" and have greater sensitivity than examination drip thick. Using a much larger quantity of blood and causes of "focus" the microfilaria may be present.

However a dog that is negative to these two techniques, although it has a better chance of actually being healthy, it could also be sick (only a parasite or only adults of the same sex or, although not very frequent, microfilaria absent).

Once identified the microfilaria under the microscope, however, is necessary to understand whether it is L1 of Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm) or L1 Dirofilaria repens (apatogena): a morphological examination allow a distinction clearly. Today we have techniques for rapid and precise diagnosis based on detection of antigens from parasites.

Each parasite (as every other living thing) is characterized by the presence of molecules "identification" (antigens) is typical of its species that are exposed on the surface of cells. The tests that follow seek to highlight these very special molecules the presence of heartworm.

Becker muscular dystrophy is a degenerative disease affecting the muscles of the body. Unlike Duchenne dystrophy, dystrophic and this form and is certainly less severe, compared with the first in more advanced ages. In most cases the first symptoms of muscular dystrophy disease appear between five and twenty-five years of age.

Causes:

The disease caused by abnormal gene located X chromosome abnormality that results in the reduction of a protein called dystrophin, which is fundamental to the health of the muscle-skeletal system.

Unlike Duchenne dystrophy, dystrophic this form and 'definitely less serious just because', while in the first there is a total absence of dystrophin in Becker's disease there is a decrease of the same but not its final disappearance.

Symptoms of muscular dystrophy disease:

The symptoms are identical to those of Duchenne even if they appear in more advanced stages:

-Difficulty in getting up after sitting

-Difficulties in the rebound off the floor

-Constant tiredness

-Gait not erect but oscillating

-Impossibility to walk, this condition affects the patient, compared with the DMD, a few years later

-Disorders of the respiratory and cardiac systems

-Greater tendency to infection infections and skin rashes

-Shall not, however, affected, except in rare cases, the cognitive capacity is unchanged

Before you take any medicine, any symptom should always be subject to evaluation by a specialist.

General advice:

Immediately ask for specialized tests in doubt. Early diagnosis benefits of both, the future conditions of the patient. In the case of pregnant women healthy carriers of genetic diseases the particular prenatal tests on fetuses are required. In case of positive diagnosis well require specialist visit a neurologist and, later, contact a group of patients for the designation of specialized centers.

Treatments:

The tests and treatment for this disease include:

-Clinical examination, namely the first neurological examination;

-Laboratory tests to detect specific enzymes (creatine kinase, Aldolase and others) found in the blood and reveal the presence of dystrophy, able to record the state of the disease;

-In some cases it is the duty muscle biopsy that taking a piece of muscle

Unfortunately there is still no way to ensure recovery from the evil which, however, has a more benign course with a survival much more 'than the long form dystrophy.

Therapy

There is no cure for this myopathy. Treatment by highly qualified staff helps to limit the effects of the disease, prolong the lifespan and maintain a good quality of life. The general and respiratory physiotherapy, orthopedic surgery, cardio-respiratory controls are useful during evolution of the disease.

Genetic counseling

Like all the sex-linked recessive diseases (chromosome involved: X), the Duchenne-Becker affects only males and is transmitted by healthy women carriers of the defective gene. If a family there are known cases of this disease, thanks to genetic counseling is possible to know with precision the risk of transmitting genetic disease to their children.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular system:

Muscle weakness, enlarged calf muscles, difficulty walking

Nervous System:

Hypotonia, hyporeflexia, and sometimes mild developmental delay

Skeletal system:

Hyperlordosis lumbar scoliosis

Cardiovascular:

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Becker muscular dystrophy

Muscle weakness of the pelvic girdle and thigh, shoulder girdle and upper limbs, difficulty walking, pseudohypertrophy the calf and the deltoid.

Heritage:

X-linked

frequency 1.5/10.000 live births - dystrophy

1.5/100.000 live births Becker

But ultimately, what is cancer? The premise that you cannot give a definitive answer satisfactorily to this fundamental question (to the resolution of which are now oriented research efforts of numerous study groups throughout the world), cancer can be given different definitions in terms of theory.

A cancer is a tissue that, for reasons not yet known, it loses its original characteristics to buy more, which deeply modifies the behavior. The cancerous tissue usually no longer performs the functions that held the cells from which it derives, so the cells of a cancer of the liver (hepato-carcinoma) usually do not perform the typical functions of hepatocytes.

But this is not the main problem of cancer. The fundamental problem is that the cancerous tissue tends to grow, to multiply, and to increase its mass at the expense of what is around him and the patient. It is like a parasite extremely demanding that shifts all the energies of the host channeled its increase, until the destruction of the host itself.

In its sprawl, cancer does not respect anything that meets: blood vessels, nerves, other vital structures everything is flooded, as amended, at the end ruined and destroyed by the process that expands. Cancer, in fact, is not a single disease; rather we are realizing more and more clearly that each cancer is really a special case, with its clinical and biological characteristics different from everyone else.

However, if you can find a common denominator to all cancers, which could define the overall process, this is the loss of control mechanisms of growth and replication of cells. It is not yet known why this happens, but the cells that make up the cancerous tissue are not able to respond to normal control mechanisms of cell replication and, therefore, grow and multiply without any relation with what happens in the rest of the body.

Signs and symptoms of neoplastic disease

The neoplastic disease is also called Wilms' tumor and it is a very rare form of cancer of the kidney that usually ocuurs also referred to as neoplastic disease or nephroblastoma, is a rare form of kidney cancer that occurs in young children. In most cases, this disease only affects a single kidney and affects children between 3 and 4 years old.

Early Stages

In the early stages, the symptoms of neoplastic disease are inexistent. In most cases, the tumor is discovered only after it has already spread in the body.

Symptoms of neoplastic disease

After the tumor starts growing and the cancer starts spreading, the symptoms of neoplatic disease consist of loss of appetite, stomach pain, and fever, blood in urine, nausea, abdominal swelling, constipation and high blood pressure.

The risk of neoplastic disease

There are certain disease and symptoms that may increase the risk of a child to develop the neoplastic disease. Some of these risk factors are aniridia, undescended testicles, hemihypertrophy or hypospadias.

Celiac disease is an inherited disorder of intestinal associated with intolerance to gluten, a protein in wheat, barley, rye, oats and triticale (hybrid of wheat with rye).

Motor activity and celiac disease

Gluten is not present in two other staples rice and corn. Foods such as bread, pasta, biscuits, pizza and any dish containing wheat, barley, rye and oats should be avoided and so-called partial hydrolysates derived from them, including beer.

The prevalence of celiac disease varies in different countries: from 1:300 in Ireland, South-West to 1:5000 or more in North America, while in Italy to 2006 have been reported 35,000 cases of 7 cases per 1,000.

Celiac disease may be included in the diseases known as "rare" and "orphan" of therapy. A disease is defined as "rare" if it occurs with a very low frequency: in the U.S. sets a limit of 1 in 1,200 people, in Europe 5 cases per 10,000 people, in Japan 4 cases per 10,000 people.

For the WHO, there are 5000 rare syndromes (of which 4,000 genetically based).

Ill with a disease, "rare" is doubly unfortunate: it has a disease like many others, but finding it an expert of his illness, treatment is not readily available, has little hope that will develop new drugs in the absence of market interest in the low economic returns (orphan drugs).

Addresses health policy proposed are:

-invest in pathogenesis research and new drugs

-develop interventions to improve the quality of life of patients

-The correct information and appropriate social and healthcare assistance to patients and families.

Our interest in celiac disease was dictated by the need to supplement the diet-gluten-free, which is the cornerstone of therapy with a sports-therapeutic treatment that could improve the quality of life of these patients.

Genetic inheritance is probably dominant type with incomplete penetration. The antigen HLA - B8 was identified in 80% of cases. Specific abnormalities of the mucosa may appear in healthy siblings of affected individuals. Celiac disease affects an equal number of males and females. Although the disorder begins in childhood, after exposure to gluten, is most commonly diagnosed in adulthood.

Villous compromised

Celiac disease symptoms range from severe to mild, celiac disease can also be asymptomatic. The age of onset is variable because the disease can emerge in childhood or adulthood. Affected children from six months to three years of age may have diarrhea, vomiting jet, abdomen and meteoric growth retardation. In adults, Celiac disease symptoms often include weight loss, chronic steatorrhea, abdominal cramps, abdominal distension and myopathy, intense desire for food, generalized weakness and fatigue.

The deficiency of vitamins and minerals can lead to anemia, erosion of mucous membranes follicular hyperkeratosis, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, reduced coagulation and finally muscle cramps. Malabsorption of protein, minerals and water can cause.

-Dehydration

-electrolyte depletion (hypokalemia, hypocalcemia)

-edema

-growth retardation

The neurological disorders Neuropsich characterize the size of celiac disease: Difficulty concentrating decreased vigilance, memory impairment, behavioral changes: irritability and mood instability. - No reported cases of dementia. Studies conducted at the Clinic of celiac disease (University Federico II-NA) show that depression can be common in celiac with gluten-free diet, both in childhood and adulthood.

Eye diseases are classified according to the organ affected and are divided into diseases of the eyelids, cornea, retina, lacrimal apparatus, conjunctiva, iris and lens. The most common refractive defects are: myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia and astigmatism. The perfectly with myopia see nearby objects, but have difficulty focusing on distant objects.

The sighted have problems with both near objects and distant objects, with astigmatism do not have the right perception of depth, while the sighted have difficulty to focus quickly.

Also very frequent diseases of the conjunctiva: conjunctivitis is the most common infections affecting the eye. The conjunctivitis can be bacterial, viral or allergic. The eye disease symptoms are hyperemia (red eyes, bloodshot), lacrimal secretions, blurred surface of the pupil, the formation of follicles or growths on the sides of the conjunctiva. When the inflammation is more aggressive bacterial organisms may lead to the formation of follicles, ulcers and granulomas.

The pinguecola is instead caused by inadequate nutrition of the blood vessels of the eye and overexposure to weather occurs with the formation of an excrescence yellowish nasal side of the cornea. It is a disease that primarily affects the elderly and surgical care.

Glaucoma is a condition affecting the optic nerve. When the eye suffers from glaucoma certain nerve cells die, causing visual disorders: the view is disturbed by dark spots (scotomas) that increase to almost total blindness if the disease is not limited. Even with appropriate treatment glaucoma will always remain, but can be kept under control. Advanced age, myopia, diabetes and inheritance are among the most frequent causes of an outbreak of this disease.

A cataract is nell'opacizzazione instead of the lens, which leads to progressive vision loss. It is more common with age, but there are also cases of cataracts at a younger age. The view is blurred perhé the lens filters may well fail to light that reaches the retina uniformly.

Diseases of the eyelids are varied. One of the most common is the sty, an abscess that was born inside or outside edge of the eyelid, caused by infection of the glands surrounding curable with compresses, eye drops, ointments, and in severe cases, a small incision.

Very common is also the blepharospasm, which consists of involuntary contractions of the orbicularis muscle and causes flicker of the eyelid. It is generally caused by stress and requires no cure, treatment of simple muscle contractions.

Blepharitis is an inflammation that occurs with hand peeling of the skin that surrounds the eye, oily debris and possible swelling, redness around the eyes. This type of disease can be caused by untreated vision problems, diabetes or rheumatic problems and allergies.

More serious is the lagophthalmos, a disease that prevents the complete closure of the eyelids. It can be caused by temporary paralysis, birth defects or dall'ectropion, another disease characterized dall'eversione eyelid eyelid, resulting in fatigue and overexposure of the conjunctival surface. The treatment is the same for the two diseases and is a minor surgery to correct the position.

Diabetic retinopathy is directly related to diabetes. The diabetes have a higher concentration of blood sugar normal. This causes changes and thickening of blood vessels, especially capillaries, which prevents the normal functioning tissue oxygenation. Even the retina, rich in capillaries, is therefore subject to problems with diabetes. The eye disease symptoms are not immediately visible with the disease progresses you may experience thrombosis, vision loss, blurring, bleeding.